Izindaba

Imishini yokupakisha ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo, ukunciphisa umfutho wabasebenzi, kodwa futhi ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokukhiqiza okukhulu futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuhlanzeka, okwenza imishini yokupakisha ibe yindawo ebalulekile emkhakheni wokucubungula ukudla. Ekupheleni kwawo-1970, imboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina yaqala, inenani lomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke elingama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-70 kuya ku-80 kanye nezinhlobo zemikhiqizo eziyi-100 kuphela.

Kulezi zinsuku, imboni yemishini yokupakisha eShayina ayisakwazi ukuqhathaniswa naleyo ngosuku olufanayo. IShayina isibe yizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elikhiqiza futhi lithumela impahla kwamanye amazwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umbono womhlaba wonke ugxile emakethe yokupakisha yaseShayina ethuthuka ngokushesha, enkulu futhi engaba khona. Lapho ithuba likhula, ukuncintisana kuyanda. Nakuba izinga lomkhiqizo wemboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina selifinyelele ezingeni elisha, ukuthambekela kwesethi enkulu, ephelele kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela sekuqalile ukuvela, futhi imishini enokudlulisa okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nayo isiqalile ukuvela. Kungashiwo ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yaseShayina kuhlangabezane nesidingo esiyisisekelo sasekhaya futhi kwaqala ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwamanye amazwe angaphandle.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe, imboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina nayo ifinyelele esivumelwaneni, futhi ukuguqulwa nokulungiswa kwemboni yemishini yokupakisha sekuyinkinga okumele icatshangelwe. Kuyindlela evamile yokuthuthuka ngendlela yesivinini esikhulu, imisebenzi eminingi kanye nobuhlakani, ukuya emgwaqweni oyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zamazwe athuthukile, kanye nokuhamba emhlabeni wonke.

Imishini yokupakisha ukudla yaseShayina ithuthukela ekusebenzeni kahle kakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi

Imboni yemishini yokupakisha eShayina ibonise umfutho omkhulu wentuthuko, futhi abakhiqizi banaka kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokupakisha esheshayo nengabizi kakhulu. Le mishini ithuthuka ngendlela encane, eguquguqukayo, enezinjongo eziningi kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngohlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini yokudla yaseShayina ngokulingisa njalo nokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe, izoqhubeka nokusilethela imiphumela eqinile yemakethe, futhi intuthuko izokwandisa kakhulu amandla ayo, igcine ijubane elijwayelekile emakethe yethu. Ngokuphathelene nentuthuko yamanje yemboni yemishini yokudla, kusenesikhala esikhulu. Nakuba kube nokuthuthuka okukhulu, * ikakhulukazi isikhala esikhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Manje abantu baphishekela indawo yokuqala yentuthuko, futhi bazoqhubeka nokusinika ukufinyelela emishinini yokudla yemfashini engaba khona.

Imboni yemishini yokudla echumayo ivuse isidingo esikhulu semakethe semishini yokudla, okuyisinyathelo esikhulu sokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokudla yaseShayina, siqaphela ukutholakala kwayo nesidingo sayo, futhi sizoqhubeka nokusinika amathuba amahle ebhizinisi. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komphakathi, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokudla yaseShayina sekufinyelele esigabeni sokuqala sokunikezwa, okuwukusebenza kwethu kokuqala! Njengomshini wethu wekhekhe lamapetshisi, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko sekufinyelele izinga lokuqala lamazwe ngamazwe, okuyisidingo sethu!

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo semakethe yemboni yemishini yokudla yasekhaya siye saphendukela kancane kancane emishinini yokudla ephakathi nendawo kanye nephezulu. Endabeni yokukhula okuhamba kancane emakethe iyonke, isabelo semakethe semishini yokudla enembile futhi ehlakaniphile sikhuphuke. Ingxenye yemishini yokudla esezingeni eliphezulu ekusetshenzisweni okuphelele kwemishini yokudla ikhuphuke yafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-60%. Imishini yokudla ithuthuka ngendlela yesivinini esikhulu, ukunemba, ubuhlakani, ukusebenza kahle kanye nohlaza. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokudla yasekhaya esezingeni eliphezulu incike kakhulu ekungenisweni kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, kanti isabelo semakethe semikhiqizo yasekhaya sisaphansi kakhulu. Kungashiwo ukuthi imishini yokudla enembile futhi ehlakaniphile izoba yindlela yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni.
Imishini yokupakisha ukudla idinga ukuba sezingeni eliphezulu

Njengamanje, intuthuko yemboni yemishini yokudla yaseShayina yenze izimpumelelo ezithile futhi iyaqhubeka nokugcina intuthuko eqhubekayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, intuthuko yemishini yokudla yasekhaya isabhekene nezici ezithile ezivimbelayo. Ngokombono wentuthuko yemboni yonke kanye nesidingo semakethe, ubuchwepheshe obusemuva, imishini esiphelelwe yisikhathi, njll. kuvimbela intuthuko yamabhizinisi. Amabhizinisi amaningi emishini yokudla azama ukufaka esikhundleni semikhiqizo, kodwa amaningi athuthuka kuphela ngesisekelo semishini yokuqala, okungashiwo ukuthi akukho ushintsho lwesobho, akukho ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko, kanye nokuntuleka kwezicelo zobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu.

Eqinisweni, insimu yemishini yokudla esezingeni eliphezulu okwamanje iyinkinga yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini yokudla yasekhaya. Enkambisweni yokuguqulwa kokuzenzakalela, kudalwe imakethe enkulu yemboni yemishini yokudla. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu emelela ngokuphelele amandla emishini yokudla enenzuzo ephezulu ithathwe amazwe angaphandle. Manje iJalimane, i-United States kanye neJapan bancintisana ngamandla emakethe yaseShayina.

Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ekhuthazwa amabhizinisi emishini yokudla ibonakala ngokonga abasebenzi, ukuhlakanipha okwengeziwe, ukusebenza okulula, ukwanda kokukhiqiza kanye nemikhiqizo ezinzile.

Imishini yokupakisha ukudla idinga ukuthuthukiswa ukuze isebenze kahle kakhulu futhi isebenzise amandla aphansi

Eminyakeni engama-20 noma engama-30 edlule, yize ukubukeka kwemishini yemishini kungashintshile kakhulu, empeleni, imisebenzi yayo ikhule kakhulu, okwenza ihlakaniphe futhi ilawuleke. Thatha i-fryer eqhubekayo njengesibonelo. Ngokushintsha kobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa yilo mkhiqizo ayifani nje kuphela ngekhwalithi, kodwa futhi ihamba kancane ekuwohlokeni kukawoyela. Ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile akudingi ukuxuba ngesandla njengendabuko, okusindisa kokubili izindleko zomsebenzi kanye nophethiloli emabhizinisini. Izindleko zonyaka ezilondoloziwe zifinyelela ku-20% "Imishini yokufaka yenkampani ifinyelele ubuhlakani. Umshini ungasebenza ngumuntu oyedwa kuphela. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini efanayo yangaphambilini, isindisa abasebenzi abayi-8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini ifakwe i-air conditioner, enqoba isici sokuguquguquka komkhiqizo okubangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu kwemishini efanayo, futhi umkhiqizo opakishiwe muhle kakhulu.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi emishini yokudla yasekhaya enze intuthuko enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe, amazinga obunikazi kanye nokwakhiwa komkhiqizo wentuthuko kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Impumelelo yocwaningo nentuthuko yamabhizinisi amaningi anamandla embonini isiqalile kakade ukushintsha isimo esihlazisayo sokuthi amabhizinisi emishini yokudla angathatha kuphela indlela yamazwe ngamazwe esezingeni eliphansi. Kodwa-ke, akunangqondo ngamabhizinisi emishini yokudla yaseShayina ukudlula i-United States eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo okungenani.

Imboni yemishini yokudla yasekhaya ikhula ngokushesha. Ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo samandla okukhiqiza nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yemishini yokudla ephezulu kuzoba yizinhloso ezibalulekile zesigaba esilandelayo sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni. Ukuthuthukisa ukugxilisa ingqondo embonini, ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo samandla okukhiqiza, nokuthuthukisa i-R&D kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza lemishini yokudla ephezulu kuzoba yizidingo eziyisisekelo zokufeza umgomo wokuba izwe elinamandla lemishini yokudla. Ubuchwepheshe, imali kanye nokuthengwa komhlaba wonke kwenze izinga lokukhiqiza lemishini yokupakisha lathuthuka ngokushesha. Kukholakala ukuthi imboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina, enamandla angenamkhawulo, izokhanya kakhulu esigabeni samazwe ngamazwe.