Iindaba

Oomatshini bokupakisha abanakuphucula kuphela imveliso, banciphise amandla abasebenzi, kodwa banokuqhelana neemfuno zemveliso enkulu kwaye bahlangabezane neemfuno zococeko, okwenza oomatshini bokupakisha babe yindawo ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lokucubungula ukutya. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina laqala, linexabiso lonyaka lemveliso eliyi-70 ukuya kwi-80 yezigidi zeeyuan kunye neentlobo ezili-100 zeemveliso kuphela.

Kule mihla, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha eTshayina alinakuthelekiswa naloo mini inye. ITshayina ibe lilizwe elikhulu kwihlabathi lemveliso kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle. Kwangaxeshanye, umbono wehlabathi ugxile kwimarike yokupakisha yaseTshayina ekhula ngokukhawuleza, enkulu nenokubakho. Okukhona ithuba likhula, kokukhona ukhuphiswano luqina. Nangona inqanaba lemveliso yeshishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina lifikelele kwinqanaba elitsha, umkhwa wokwenza izinto ezinkulu, ezipheleleyo kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokwakho uqalile ukubonakala, kwaye izixhobo ezinothumelo oluntsonkothileyo kunye nomxholo wetekhnoloji ephezulu nazo ziqalile ukubonakala. Kunokuthiwa imveliso yoomatshini baseTshayina ihlangabezane neemfuno zasekhaya ezisisiseko kwaye yaqala ukuthumela ngaphandle kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia nakumazwe angaphandle.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zemarike, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina nalo lifikelele kwisiphazamiso, kwaye utshintsho nohlengahlengiso lweshishini loomatshini bokupakisha lube yingxaki ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuphuhlisa kwicala lesantya esiphezulu, imisebenzi emininzi kunye nobukrelekrele, ukuya kwindlela ephucukileyo, ukufikelela kwinqanaba lamazwe aphuhlileyo, kunye nokuhamba kwihlabathi liphela.

Oomatshini bokupakisha ukutya baseTshayina baphuhlisa ukuze basebenzise amandla aphantsi kwaye basebenzise kakuhle kakhulu

Ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha eTshayina libonakalise uphuhliso oluqinileyo, kwaye abavelisi banikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokupakisha ezikhawulezayo nezingabizi kakhulu. Ezi zixhobo ziphuhliswa kwicala elincinci, eliguquguqukayo, elinokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi nelisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ukongeza, ngesicwangciso sophuhliso lweshishini loomatshini bokutya laseTshayina ngokulinganisa rhoqo nokwazisa iteknoloji, iya kuqhubeka nokusizisela iziphumo eziqinileyo zemarike, kwaye uphuhliso luya kwandisa kakhulu amandla alo, lugcine isantya esiqhelekileyo kwimarike yethu. Ngokuphathelele uphuhliso lwangoku lweshishini loomatshini bokutya, kusekho umsantsa omkhulu. Nangona kubekho uphuculo olukhulu, * ngokuyintloko ngumsantsa omkhulu kwiteknoloji. Ngoku abantu basukela indawo yokuqala yophuhliso, kwaye baya kuqhubeka nokusinika ukufikelela kwiimashini zokutya zefashoni ezinokubakho.

Ishishini loomatshini bokutya elikhulayo livuselele imfuno enamandla yemarike yoomatshini bokutya, eli linyathelo elikhulu lophuhliso loomatshini bokutya baseTshayina, lifezekisa ukubonelela kunye nemfuno yabo, kwaye liza kuqhubeka lisinika amathuba amahle oshishino. Ngexesha lophuhliso loluntu, uphuhliso loomatshini bokutya baseTshayina lufikelele kwinqanaba lokuqala lokubonelela, eliyindlela yethu yokuqala yokusebenza! Kanye njengomatshini wethu wekhekhe leepetshi, uphuhliso kunye nophuhliso lufikelele kumgangatho wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe, elililo imfuno yethu!

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yemarike yeshishini loomatshini bokutya basekhaya iye yajika kancinci kancinci yaba ngoomatshini bokutya abaphakathi nabaphezulu. Kwimeko yokukhula kancinci kwimarike iyonke, isabelo semarike soomatshini bokutya abachanekileyo nabakrelekrele sinyukile. Umlinganiselo woomatshini bokutya abaphezulu ekusetyenzisweni ngokupheleleyo koomatshini bokutya unyuke waya ngaphezulu kwama-60%. Oomatshini bokutya baphuhliswa kwicala lesantya esiphezulu, ukuchaneka, ubukrelekrele, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nohlaza. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini bokutya abaphezulu basekhaya baxhomekeke kakhulu ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe, kwaye isabelo semarike seempawu zasekhaya sisephantsi. Kunokuthiwa oomatshini bokutya abachanekileyo nabakrelekrele baya kuba yindlela yophuhliso lweshishini.
Oomatshini bokupakisha ukutya kufuneka babe kumgangatho ophezulu

Okwangoku, uphuhliso lweshishini loomatshini bokutya eTshayina lwenze impumelelo ethile kwaye luyaqhubeka nokugcina uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, uphuhliso lwemishini yokutya yasekhaya lusejongene nezinto ezithile ezithintelayo. Ngokwembono yophuhliso lweshishini lonke kunye neemfuno zemarike, iteknoloji esemva, izixhobo eziphelelwe lixesha, njl.njl. zithintela uphuhliso lwamashishini. Amashishini amaninzi oomatshini bokutya azama ukutshintsha iimveliso, kodwa amaninzi aphucuka kuphela ngokusekelwe kwizixhobo zokuqala, ezinokuthiwa azitshintshi isuphu, akukho tshintsho nophuhliso, kunye nokungabikho kwezicelo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

Enyanisweni, intsimi yoomatshini bokutya abakumgangatho ophezulu ngoku yintlungu yophuhliso lweshishini loomatshini bokutya basekhaya. Kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa kokuzenzekelayo, kuye kwadalwa imakethi enkulu yoshishino loomatshini bokutya. Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezimele ngokupheleleyo amandla oomatshini bokutya abaneenzuzo eziphezulu ziye zathathwa ngamazwe angaphandle. Ngoku iJamani, i-United States kunye neJapan zikhuphisana ngamandla kwimarike yaseTshayina.

Okwangoku, iimveliso ezikhuthazwa ngamashishini oomatshini bokutya zibonakaliswa kukonga abasebenzi, ubukrelekrele obungakumbi, ukusebenza okulula, ukwanda kwemveliso kunye neemveliso ezizinzileyo ngakumbi.

Oomatshini bokupakisha ukutya kufuneka baphuhliswe ukuze basebenze kakuhle kwaye basebenzise amandla aphantsi

Kwiminyaka engama-20 okanye engama-30 edlulileyo, nangona inkangeleko yezixhobo zoomatshini ingatshintshanga kangako, eneneni, imisebenzi yazo inyukile kakhulu, okwenza ukuba ibe krelekrele kwaye ilawuleke ngakumbi. Thatha umzekelo we-fryer eqhubekayo. Ngokusebenzisa utshintsho lobuchwephesha, iimveliso eziveliswa yile mveliso azifani nje kuphela ngomgangatho, kodwa zicotha nokuwohloka kweoyile. Ukusebenza ngobukrelekrele akufuni ukuxuba ngesandla njengesiqhelo, nto leyo egcina iindleko zomsebenzi kunye nepetroli kumashishini. Ixabiso lonyaka eligciniweyo lifikelela kwi-20% “Izixhobo zokupakisha zenkampani zifumene ubukrelekrele. Umatshini unokusetyenziswa ngumntu omnye kuphela. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezifanayo zangaphambili, usindisa abasebenzi abasi-8. Ukongeza, izixhobo zixhotyiswe nge-air conditioner, eyoyisa isiphene sokuguqulwa kwemveliso okubangelwa bubushushu obuphezulu bezixhobo ezifanayo, kwaye imveliso epakishiweyo intle ngakumbi.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amashishini oomatshini bokutya basekhaya enze inkqubela phambili enkulu ekuphuculeni ubuchwepheshe, imigangatho yamalungelo omenzi kunye nokwakha uphawu lophuhliso kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha. Impumelelo yophando nophuhliso lwamashishini amaninzi anamandla kushishino sele iqalile ukutshintsha imeko ehlazisayo yokuba amashishini oomatshini bokutya anokuthatha kuphela indlela ephantsi yamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa ngokubanzi, akunakwenzeka ukuba amashishini oomatshini bokutya baseTshayina adlule i-United States kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo ubuncinane.

Ishishini loomatshini bokutya basekhaya likhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphucula ngakumbi isakhiwo samandla emveliso kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezixhobo zoomatshini bokutya abakumgangatho ophezulu kuya kuba ziinjongo eziphambili zesigaba esilandelayo sophuhliso lweshishini. Ukuphucula ngakumbi ukugxila kweshishini, ukuphucula isakhiwo samandla emveliso, kunye nokuphucula uR&D kunye namandla emveliso yoomatshini bokutya abakumgangatho ophezulu kuya kuba ziimfuno ezisisiseko zokufezekisa injongo yokuba lilizwe elinamandla loomatshini bokutya. Ubuchwepheshe, imali kunye nokuthengwa kwehlabathi jikelele kwenze inqanaba lokuvelisa oomatshini bokupakisha laphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Kukholelwa ukuba ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina, elinamandla angenamkhawulo, liya kukhanya kakhulu kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe.